GETTING THE MOST OUT OF VACUUM TUBES
FROM THE 1960S

165 PAGES ON VACUUM TUBES PDF FORMAT

CONTENTS


Chapter 1. CATASTROPHIC FAILURES 7
Glass FailuresHeater FailuresArcingFixed versus
Bias

Chapter 2. DEGENERATIVE FAILURES 22
GasGettersSpurious EmissionsInterelectrode Leak-
ageInterface ResistanceCathode Depletion

Chapter 3. SUBJECTIVE FAILURES 37
HumMicrophonicsNoise

Chapter 4. CHARACTERISTIC VARIABLES . . . 53
Predicting Variables How Standards Are Set The
Bogey Tube The Limit Tube Correlating Measure-
mentsTypical CorrelationCharacteristic Spreads
Quality ControlSamplingDesign Tolerances

Chapter 5. SELECTED AND PREMIUM TUBES . . 69
How Tubes Are SelectedResults of Tube Selection
Premium TubesThe Multi-Spec TubesStandardiza-
tion and ReliabilityHow Standards Are SetUniver-
sal TubesThe Universal CommodityDefining Relia-
bilityReliability and Standardization

Chapter 6. WHY SO MANY TUBE TYPES? . . . 83
Filament Voltage Sources-2-Volt and 6.3-Volt Tubes
TV TypesHybrid TypesPhysical ChangesMinia-
tures and SubminiaturesMultipurpose TubesElectri-
cal CharacteristicsCompetitionTechnological Devel-
opments

Chapter 7. PREDICTING TUBE PERFORMANCE 96
Life Expectancy By StructureLife Expectancy By Ap-
plication Tests for Initial Performance Predicting
Life

Chapter 8. TUBE TESTERS 111
Early Tube TestersClassification of Tube Testers
Shorts and Gas TestsMaintenance Practices

Chapter 9. SPECIAL-PURPOSE TUBES 128
Filamentary TubesLow-Voltage TubesPhototubes--
Voltage-Regulator TubesThyratrons

Chapter 10. METHODS FOR LENGTHENING TUBE LIFE 145
Measuring Bulb Temperature Dissipation Control
Voltage and Current RegulationLow-Voltage Opera-
tionMechanicalMaintenance

Glossary 154

Index 158